Scientific Study

Objectives: The goals were to estimate the prevalence of food allergy and to describe trends in food allergy prevalence and health care use among US children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of data on food allergy among children <18 years of age; as reported in the 1997-2007 National Health Interview Survey; 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; 1993-2006 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; and 1998-2006 National Hospital Discharge Survey; was performed. Reported food allergies; serum immunoglobulin E antibody levels for specific foods; ambulatory care visits; and hospitalizations were assessed. Results: In 2007; 3.9% of US children <18 years of age had reported food allergy. The prevalence of reported food allergy increased 18% (z = 3.4; P < .01) from 1997 through 2007. In 2005-2006; serum immunoglobulin E antibodies to peanut were detectable for an estimated 9% of US children. Ambulatory care visits tripled between 1993 and 2006 (P < .01). From 2003 through 2006; an estimated average of 317000 food allergy-related; ambulatory care visits per year (95% confidence interval: 195000-438000 visits per year) to emergency and outpatient departments and physician's offices were reported. Hospitalizations with any recorded diagnoses related to food allergy also increased between 1998-2000 and 2004-2006; from an average of 2600 discharges per year to 9500 discharges per year (z = 3.4; P < .01); possibly because of increased use of food allergy V codes. Conclusion: Several national health surveys indicate that food allergy prevalence and/or awareness has increased among US children in recent years.