Scientific Study

BACKGROUND: Members of the general public play a significant role in the well-being of food-allergic children; although little is known about the knowledge; attitudes; and beliefs of food allergy among the public. OBJECTIVE: To provide insight into food allergy knowledge and perceptions among the general US population. METHODS: A national sample of adults was recruited in February 2008 to complete the validated Web-based Chicago Food Allergy Research Survey for the General Public. Findings were analyzed to provide composite/itemized knowledge scores; describe attitudes and beliefs; and examine the effect of prior knowledge/familiarity with food allergy on knowledge; attitudes; and beliefs. RESULTS: A sample of 2;148 respondents was obtained. Participants answered 64.9% (range; 12.5%-100.0%) of knowledge-based items correctly. Strengths were identified in areas related to symptoms/severity and triggers/environmental risks of food allergy. Knowledge was poor concerning the distinction between food allergy and food intolerance; the absence of a cure; and current means to treat food allergy. Higher scores were significantly associated with self-report of prior knowledge/familiarity with food allergy; particularly among those with prior training in food allergy (median increase; 7.9%). Perceptions regarding food allergy were generally well distributed; although respondents tended to minimize the stigma associated with food allergy and to oppose specific food allergy policies in schools. CONCLUSIONS: Increased food allergy knowledge among the general public is needed. Improved public awareness of the challenges faced by food-allergic children may encourage adoption of standardized school policies to keep affected children safe. These efforts are critical for protecting young children with food allergy and avoiding life-threatening anaphylactic reactions.