Scientific Study
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Products: Hazelnuts
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An effective chromatographic fingerprinting workflow based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to establish volatiles patterns discriminative of spoiled hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.).
Authors: Stilo, F., Liberto, E., Spigolon, N., Genova, G., Rosso, G., Fontana, M., ... & Cordero, C.
- Journals: Food Chem
- Pages: 128135
- Volume: 340
- Year: 2020
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The volatile fraction of hazelnuts encrypts information about: cultivar/geographical origin, post-harvest treatments, oxidative stability and sensory quality. However, sensory features could be buried under other dominant chemical signatures posing challenges to an effective classification based on pleasant/unpleasant notes. Here a novel workflow that combines Untargeted and Targeted (UT) fingerprinting on comprehensive two-dimensional gas-chromatographic patterns is developed to discriminate spoiled hazelnuts from those of acceptable quality. By flash-profiling, six hazelnut classes are defined: Mould, Mould-rancid-solvent, Rancid, Rancid-stale, Rancid-solvent, and Uncoded KO. Chromatographic fingerprinting on composite 2D chromatograms from samples belonging to the same class (i.e., composite class-images) enabled effective selection of chemical markers: (a) octanoic acid that guides the sensory classification being positively correlated to mould; (b) ƴ-nonalactone, ƴ-hexalactone, acetone, and 1-nonanol that are decisive to classify OK and rancid samples; (c) heptanoic and hexanoic acids and ƴ-octalactone present in high relative abundance in rancid-solvent and rancid-stale samples.