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Products: Peanuts
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Multi-dimensional study of the oral microbiome, metabolite, and immunologic environment in peanut allergy
Authors: Ho, H. E., Chun, Y., Jeong, S., Jumreornvong, O., Sicherer, S. H., & Bunyavanich, S.
- Journals: J Allergy Clin Immunol
- Pages:
- Year: 2021
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Background: The oral mucosa is the initial interface between food antigens, microbiota and mucosal immunity, yet little is known about oral host-environment dynamics in food allergy.
Objective: To determine oral microbial, metabolic, and immunologic profiles associated with peanut allergy.
Methods: We recruited 105 subjects (peanut allergic n=56, healthy subjects n=49) for salivary microbiome profiling using 16S rRNA sequencing, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolite assays using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and measurement of oral secreted cytokines using multiplex assays. Analyses within and across data types were performed.
Results: The oral microbiome of peanut-allergic individuals was characterized by reduced species in Lactobacillales, Bacteroidales (Prevotella), and Bacillales, and increased Neisseriales spp. The distinct oral microbiome of peanut-allergic subjects was accompanied by significant reductions of oral SCFA levels, including acetate, butyrate, and propionate, and significant elevation of IL-4 secretion. Decreased abundances of oral Prevotella spp. and Veillonella spp. in peanut-allergic subjects were significantly correlated with reduced oral SCFA levels (FDR<0.05), and increased oral Neisseria spp. was correlated with lower oral SCFA levels (FDR<0.05). Additionally, oral Prevotella spp. abundances were correlated with decreased local secretion of Th2-stimulating epithelial factors (IL-33, TSLP) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), while oral Neisseria spp. abundance was positively associated with a Th2-skewed oral immune milieu.
Conclusion: Our novel multi-dimensional analysis of the oral environment revealed distinct microbial and metabolic profiles associated with mucosal immune disturbances in peanut-allergy. Our findings highlight the oral environment as an anatomical site of interest to examine host-microbiome dynamics in food allergy.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.03.028
Objective: To determine oral microbial, metabolic, and immunologic profiles associated with peanut allergy.
Methods: We recruited 105 subjects (peanut allergic n=56, healthy subjects n=49) for salivary microbiome profiling using 16S rRNA sequencing, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolite assays using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and measurement of oral secreted cytokines using multiplex assays. Analyses within and across data types were performed.
Results: The oral microbiome of peanut-allergic individuals was characterized by reduced species in Lactobacillales, Bacteroidales (Prevotella), and Bacillales, and increased Neisseriales spp. The distinct oral microbiome of peanut-allergic subjects was accompanied by significant reductions of oral SCFA levels, including acetate, butyrate, and propionate, and significant elevation of IL-4 secretion. Decreased abundances of oral Prevotella spp. and Veillonella spp. in peanut-allergic subjects were significantly correlated with reduced oral SCFA levels (FDR<0.05), and increased oral Neisseria spp. was correlated with lower oral SCFA levels (FDR<0.05). Additionally, oral Prevotella spp. abundances were correlated with decreased local secretion of Th2-stimulating epithelial factors (IL-33, TSLP) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), while oral Neisseria spp. abundance was positively associated with a Th2-skewed oral immune milieu.
Conclusion: Our novel multi-dimensional analysis of the oral environment revealed distinct microbial and metabolic profiles associated with mucosal immune disturbances in peanut-allergy. Our findings highlight the oral environment as an anatomical site of interest to examine host-microbiome dynamics in food allergy.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2021.03.028